Japanese Grammar: Using “に (ni)” for Time (時間を表す名詞+に)

Grammar

Time Nouns: “に” が必要 (The Particle “に (ni)” Is Always Necessary)

Sentence Pattern: Time Nouns (かんあらわめい) + The Particle “ni” is Always Necessary

Grammar Explanation: たいてきかん(Specific Date and Time)

Ex.: 4月しがつ13じゅうさんにち(on April 13th)/ははたんじょう(on my mother’s birthday)/2008ねん(in 2008)/けんこくねん(on National Foundation Day)・・・

Ex.: 4月しがつ13にちたんじょうかいひらきます。

Rm.: Shigatsu jusan-nichi ni, tanjobikai o hirakimasu.

En.: I’m having my birthday party on April 13th.

Ex.: たんじょうたんじょうかいひらきます。

Rm.: Tanjobi ni, tanjobikai o hirakimasu.

En.: I’m having my birthday party on my birthday.

Time Nouns: “に”は付けない (Do not add the particle “ni”)

Sentence Pattern: かんあらわめいTime Nouns)+Do not add the particle “ni

Grammar Explanation: げんざい”とかくしているかん (Date relative to today)

Ex.: 昨日きのう(yesterday)/今日きょう(today)/明日あした(tomorrow)/さっき(a moment ago)/こんしゅう(this week /らいしゅう(next week)/こんげつ(this month)/らいげつ(next month)/せんげつ(last month)/らいねん(next year)/きょねん(last year)・・・

Ex.: あしたんじょうかいひらきます。

Rm.: Ashita, tanjobikai o hirakimasu.

En.: I’m having my birthday party tomorrow.

Time Nouns: どちらでもよい (The particle “ni” is optional)

Sentence Pattern: かんあらわめいTime Nouns)+The particle “ni” is optional

Grammar Explanation: げんざいがい」とかくしているかん(Date Relative to Other Dates)

Ex.: けんよくじつ/けんの翌日(the day after our wedding),はっぴょうかいぜんじつ/はっぴょうかいぜんじつ(the day before the presentation)・・・

Ex.: けっこんしきよくじつしんこんりょこうきました。

Rm.: Kekkonshiki no yokujitsu ni, shinkon ryoko e ikimashita.

En.: We went on our honeymoon the day after our wedding.

Ex.: けっこんしきよくじつしんこんりょこうきました。

Rm.: Kekkonshiki no yokujitsu, shinkon ryoko e ikimashita.

En.: We went on our honeymoon the day after our wedding.

Time Nouns: どちらでもよい (The particle “ni” is optional)

Sentence Pattern: かんあらわめいTime Nouns)+The particle “ni” is optional

Grammar Explanation: いっていかん(Indicating a Specific Period of Time)

Ex.: なつやす/なつやすみ(during summer vacation),きゅうなか/きゅうちゅう(during the vacation)・・・

Ex.: なつやす、アメリカでえいべんきょうしていました。

Rm.: Natsuyasumi ni, Amerika de eigo o benkyo shite imashita.

En.: I was studying English in the United States during summer vacation.

Ex.: なつやすみ、アメリカでえいべんきょうしていました。

Rm.: Natsuyasumi, Amerika de eigo o benkyo shite imashita.

En.: I was studying English in the United States during summer vacation.

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