Japanese Grammar: How to Use “～てきます” and “～ていきます”

目次（Table of Contents）

Movement Direction: Verb (Te-form)＋てきます/Verb (Te-form)＋ていきます

Sentence Pattern: Verb (Te-form)＋てteきkiまmaすsu

Grammar Explanation: Moving closer to the reference point

Ex.: 燕つばめが飛とんできます。

Rm.: Tsubame ga tonde kimasu.
En.: A swallow is flying this way.

Sentence Pattern: Verb (Te-form)＋てteいiきkiまmaすsu

Grammar Explanation: Moving away from the reference point

Ex.: 燕つばめが飛とんでいきます

Rm.: Tsubame ga tonde ikimasu.
En.: A swallow is flying away.

A swallow is flying this way → Reference point (current location) → A swallow is flying away

Sentence Pattern: Verb (Te-form)＋てteきkiまmaすsu

Grammar Explanation: From the past to the present

Ex.: 人じん口こうが増ふえてきます。

Rm.: Jinko ga fuete kimasu.
En.: The population has been increasing.

Sentence Pattern: Verb (Te-form)＋てteいiきkiまmaすsu

Grammar Explanation: From the present to the future

Ex.: 人じん口こうが増ふえていきます。

Rm.: Jinko ga fuete ikimasu.
En.: The population will continue to increase.

The population has been increasing→ Reference point (present)→The population will continue to increase

Sentence Pattern: Verb (Te-form)＋てteきkiまmaすsu

Grammar Explanation: start to ～ / begin to ～

Ex.: 最さい近きんちょっと太ふとってきました。

Rm.: Saikin chotto futte kimashita.
En.: I’ve been gaining a little weight lately.

I’ve been gaining a little weight lately. (A change is starting to appear)